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Ichthyosis – Specialist Diagnosis & Treatment for Dry, Scaly Skin in London
Ichthyosis is a group of inherited or acquired skin disorders where the skin becomes dry, thickened, and scaly. Severity ranges from mild dryness to severe, plate-like scales. At Skinhorizon in London, our dermatologists provide expert diagnosis, genetic and medical evaluation, and evidence-based treatments to improve comfort, hydration, and quality of life.
Call Us Book ConsultationWhat is ichthyosis?
Ichthyosis refers to a group of skin conditions characterised by dry, rough, and scaly skin resembling fish scales. It may be inherited (present from birth or childhood) or acquired later in life. The most common form is ichthyosis vulgaris, while rarer types include X-linked ichthyosis and lamellar ichthyosis. Acquired ichthyosis can be linked to systemic illness, cancer, or medication side effects.
Causes and how it develops
Inherited ichthyosis is caused by gene mutations affecting the skin barrier and keratinisation. Acquired ichthyosis may be associated with conditions like kidney disease, thyroid disease, lymphoma, HIV, or certain drugs. The result is abnormal skin cell turnover and impaired shedding, leading to thickened, scaly skin.
Ichthyosis Symptoms and patterns
Symptoms vary depending on type but may include:
- Dry, scaly skin (mild fine flakes to thick plate-like scales).
- Skin tightness or cracking, sometimes painful.
- Itching and irritation.
- Reduced sweating and overheating in severe cases.
- Secondary infections in cracked areas.
Ichthyosis Diagnosis and tests
Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, family history, and in some cases genetic testing. Blood tests may be needed if acquired ichthyosis is suspected, to identify underlying systemic conditions. A skin biopsy may help confirm diagnosis in complex cases.
Consultant Diagnosis & Long-Term Management of Ichthyosis in Central London
Book a consultation in Maida Vale for dry, scaly or thickened skin. We provide genetic and acquired ichthyosis diagnosis and personalised skin care plans.
Call Us Book ConsultationIchthyosis Treatment options and management
Daily skin care
Regular use of emollients and moisturisers is essential. Preparations with urea, lactic acid, or salicylic acid help soften scales. Frequent bathing with gentle exfoliation can assist shedding.
Medical treatments
Topical retinoids and keratolytics may be prescribed. Severe inherited types sometimes benefit from oral retinoids under specialist monitoring. In acquired ichthyosis, treating the underlying cause is crucial.
Lifestyle advice
Hydration, avoiding irritants, and using humidifiers in dry climates may improve comfort. Psychological support can be important due to visible symptoms.
When urgent review is needed
Seek immediate review for sudden-onset ichthyosis in adulthood, rapidly worsening symptoms, painful cracks with infection, or systemic symptoms such as weight loss, fever, or night sweats.
Why choose Skinhorizon for ichthyosis?
- Consultant dermatologist-led diagnosis with access to genetic and systemic evaluation.
- Tailored treatment plans using advanced emollients, keratolytics, and systemic therapies when needed.
- Ongoing support for chronic management under CQC standards in London.
Your first visit — what to expect
- History: Onset, family history, medical conditions, medications, triggers, and symptoms.
- Examination: Skin inspection for scale type and distribution, assessment of systemic features.
- Discussion: Explanation of ichthyosis type, prognosis, and realistic treatment expectations.
- Treatment plan: Emollient regimen, prescription creams, possible systemic options, and lifestyle measures.
- Follow-up: Monitoring for side effects, long-term control, and support for psychological wellbeing.
Reviewed by: Dr Mohammad Ghazavi, Consultant Dermatologist
Skinhorizon Clinic, 4 Clarendon Terrace, Maida Vale, London W9 1BZ
Last reviewed: 21 August 2025
Get expert support to manage dry, scaly skin and improve comfort with ichthyosis.
Call Us Book ConsultationIchthyosis FAQs
What is ichthyosis?
A group of inherited or acquired disorders causing dry, thickened, scaly skin. Types include ichthyosis vulgaris, X-linked ichthyosis, and lamellar ichthyosis.
Is ichthyosis genetic?
Yes, most forms are inherited due to gene mutations affecting the skin barrier. Some cases are acquired in adulthood from illness or medication.
How is ichthyosis treated?
Mainstay is daily emollients and keratolytic creams. Severe cases may need topical or oral retinoids under specialist care.
Can ichthyosis be cured?
There is no cure for inherited forms, but symptoms can be well controlled. Acquired ichthyosis may resolve if the underlying cause is treated.
Does ichthyosis improve with age?
Some mild forms, like ichthyosis vulgaris, may lessen in adulthood. Severe inherited types often persist throughout life.
When should I see a dermatologist?
If scaling is severe, painful, associated with infections, or begins suddenly in adulthood, seek specialist review to exclude systemic causes.
