Conditions › Scalp infections
Scalp Infection Diagnosis and Treatment in London
Scalp infections are conditions caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses affecting the skin and hair of the scalp. They may lead to redness, scaling, itching, hair loss, or pustules. While some infections are mild and self-limiting, others require medical treatment to prevent spread and complications. At Skinhorizon Clinic London, our dermatologists provide accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment for scalp infections to restore scalp health and prevent long-term damage.
Call Us Book ConsultationUnderstanding scalp infections
Scalp infections encompass a range of conditions caused by microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, or viruses. They often present with symptoms such as itching, scaling, hair loss, and discomfort. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent scarring, spread, or long-term damage to hair follicles.
Types of scalp infections
- Fungal infections: Tinea capitis (ringworm) is common in children and spreads easily by contact.
- Bacterial infections: Folliculitis, impetigo, and cellulitis can occur due to staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria.
- Viral infections: Herpes simplex or shingles can affect the scalp, causing painful blisters and crusting.
Causes and risk factors
- Close contact in schools or shared environments (fungal spread)
- Poor scalp hygiene
- Excessive sweating
- Weakened immune system
- Use of contaminated combs, hats, or bedding
Symptoms of Scalp Infection
- Itching or burning sensation on the scalp
- Red patches or pustules
- Crusting, scaling, or flaking
- Painful or tender scalp areas
- Hair loss in affected patches
Scalp Infection Diagnosis
Dermatologists diagnose scalp infections by examining the scalp. In some cases, fungal culture, skin swabs, or dermoscopy may be used to confirm the cause.
Treatment options for Scalp Infection
- Antifungal treatment: Oral antifungal medicines (e.g., griseofulvin, terbinafine) and antifungal shampoos for ringworm.
- Antibiotics: Oral or topical antibiotics for bacterial infections.
- Antivirals: Antiviral medications for herpes or shingles.
- Scalp care: Medicated shampoos and maintaining good scalp hygiene.
- Supportive care: Pain relief, soothing creams, and preventing spread.
Complications
If left untreated, scalp infections may lead to scarring alopecia, permanent hair loss, or spread to other parts of the body. Early treatment prevents these outcomes.
Your first visit — what to expect
- History: Review of symptoms, hygiene, contact, and family history.
- Examination: Inspection of scalp lesions and hair loss.
- Tests: Fungal culture or bacterial swab if needed.
- Treatment plan: Personalised approach using antifungal, antibiotic, or antiviral medicines.
- Follow-up: Monitoring healing and preventing recurrence.
Reviewed by: Dr Mohammad Ghazavi, Consultant Dermatologist
Skinhorizon Clinic, 4 Clarendon Terrace, Maida Vale, London W9 1BZ
Last reviewed: 22 August 2025
Concerned about scalp infections or hair loss? Our dermatologists provide expert diagnosis and targeted treatments to restore scalp health.
Call Us Book ConsultationScalp Infections FAQs
Are scalp infections contagious?
Yes. Fungal and some bacterial scalp infections are contagious and can spread by contact or shared items.
Can scalp infections cause hair loss?
Yes. Severe or untreated scalp infections can damage hair follicles, sometimes leading to permanent hair loss.
What shampoo is best for scalp infections?
Medicated antifungal or antibacterial shampoos may be recommended by your dermatologist, depending on the infection type.
Can I treat scalp infections at home?
Mild cases may improve with medicated shampoos, but prescription antifungals or antibiotics are often required for full clearance.
How long does it take to recover from a scalp infection?
Recovery usually takes a few weeks with proper treatment. Severe infections may need longer care and follow-up.
