Vitiligo Diagnosis and Treatment in London

Understanding Vitiligo

Vitiligo is a chronic, often progressive skin condition where melanocytes – the cells responsible for producing melanin – are lost. Without melanin, skin loses its colour, leading to irregular white patches. Vitiligo can affect any body area, but is most visible on the face, hands, feet, and areas around body openings.

Causes of Vitiligo

The exact cause is not fully understood, but research suggests a combination of:

• Autoimmunity: The immune system mistakenly destroys melanocytes.
• Genetics: Around 30% of patients have a family history of vitiligo or autoimmune disease.
• Environmental triggers: Stress, skin trauma (Koebner phenomenon), or sunburn can sometimes trigger vitiligo onset or spread.

Symptoms and Patterns of Vitiligo

Vitiligo may appear in different forms:

• Non-segmental vitiligo: The most common type, usually symmetrical and widespread.
• Segmental vitiligo: Localised to one side or area of the body, often appearing earlier in life.
• Focal vitiligo: Few isolated patches, may or may not progress.

In addition to skin, vitiligo may cause whitening of scalp hair, eyebrows, eyelashes, and beard. Oral mucosa and genital areas may also be affected.

Vitiligo Diagnosis

Diagnosis is clinical, based on appearance. A dermatologist may use a Wood’s lamp (UV light) to highlight affected patches. In uncertain cases, a skin biopsy may be recommended. Blood tests can check for associated autoimmune conditions such as thyroid disease.

Treatment Options for Vitiligo

There is no universal cure, but various treatments aim to restore pigmentation or stabilise disease progression:

• Topical treatments: Corticosteroids or calcineurin inhibitors may restore pigment in some cases.
• Phototherapy: Narrowband UVB therapy is one of the most effective options, particularly for widespread disease.
• Excimer laser: Targets localised areas with controlled UV light.
• Surgical options: For stable vitiligo, skin grafting or melanocyte transplantation may be considered.
• Cosmetic camouflage: Specialised makeup can disguise patches and boost confidence.

Living with Vitiligo

Vitiligo is not dangerous, but its visible nature can have a major psychological impact. Support groups, counselling, and effective treatment strategies can help improve confidence and quality of life. Sun protection is essential to prevent sunburn and reduce contrast between normal and depigmented skin.

Why choose Skinhorizon Dermatology London?

At Skinhorizon, we provide:

• Comprehensive diagnosis and screening for associated autoimmune conditions.
• Advanced treatments including phototherapy and laser therapy.
• Personalised plans tailored to extent and pattern of vitiligo.
• Supportive care to improve skin confidence and wellbeing.

Your first visit — what to expect

1. Consultation: History, skin examination, and discussion of concerns.
2. Diagnosis: Confirm vitiligo and assess extent.
3. Treatment plan: Tailored approach, from topical therapy to phototherapy or cosmetic options.
4. First steps: Initiation of treatment or referral for further therapies.
5. Follow-up: Ongoing support and monitoring of results.

Reviewed by: Dr Mohammad Ghazavi, Consultant Dermatologist
Skinhorizon Clinic, 4 Clarendon Terrace, Maida Vale, London W9 1BZ
Last reviewed: 21 August 2025