Conditions › Epidermal Cyst
Epidermal Cyst in London: Causes, Symptoms & Safe Removal
Epidermal cysts (often called sebaceous cysts) are common, slow-growing lumps beneath the skin. They are usually benign but can become inflamed, painful or infected. Consultant dermatologist assessment helps confirm the diagnosis and determine whether treatment or removal is needed.
What Is an Epidermal Cyst?
An epidermal cyst is a common benign lump that forms beneath the skin when surface skin cells move deeper and multiply instead of shedding normally. These cells produce keratin, which accumulates within a sac to form the cyst.
Epidermal cysts are often mistakenly called “sebaceous cysts,” but true sebaceous cysts are rare. Epidermal cysts are not cancerous and usually grow slowly over months or years.
How Does an Epidermal Cyst Present?
Most epidermal cysts appear as a smooth, dome-shaped lump that can move slightly under the skin. A small dark opening (punctum) may be visible at the centre.
- Usually painless unless inflamed
- Firm or rubbery texture
- Skin-coloured, white or yellowish
- May emit a foul-smelling discharge if ruptured
Noticed a New Lump Under Your Skin?
A dermatologist can confirm whether a lump is an epidermal cyst and advise if treatment is needed.
Call Us Book ConsultationWhat Causes Epidermal Cysts?
Epidermal cysts can arise spontaneously but are more likely in areas prone to acne or trauma. Contributing factors include blocked hair follicles, skin injury and genetic predisposition.
They are sometimes associated with conditions such as acne and folliculitis.
Can Epidermal Cysts Become Infected?
Yes. Although usually harmless, cysts can become inflamed or infected. An infected cyst may appear red, swollen, tender and warm, and may discharge pus. This differs from simple inflammation, which can occur even without infection.
Assessment at Skinhorizon Clinic
Diagnosis is usually clinical. We assess the lump’s size, location and features, and consider alternative diagnoses such as lipoma or dermatofibroma.
If the diagnosis is uncertain or there are concerning features, further assessment or biopsy may be recommended.
Treatment Options
Not all epidermal cysts require treatment. Options depend on symptoms, location and patient preference:
- Observation: for small, asymptomatic cysts
- Medical treatment: to settle inflammation if present
- Surgical removal: complete excision to prevent recurrence
Definitive management may involve cyst removal under local anaesthetic.
Should I Squeeze or Drain a Cyst?
No. Squeezing increases the risk of infection, rupture and scarring. Even if the contents drain, the cyst lining usually remains and the lump is likely to recur.
Why Choose Skinhorizon Clinic?
Skinhorizon provides consultant dermatologist-led diagnosis and treatment of skin lumps. We prioritise accurate diagnosis, safe removal when needed and optimal cosmetic outcomes.
Your Visit — What to Expect
- Assessment: confirm diagnosis and rule out alternatives
- Discussion: whether treatment is necessary
- Procedure: removal under local anaesthetic if indicated
- Aftercare: wound care and follow-up advice
Reviewed by: Dr Mohammad Ghazavi, Consultant Dermatologist
Skinhorizon Clinic, 4 Clarendon Terrace, Maida Vale, London W9 1BZ
Last reviewed:
Safe assessment and removal of epidermal cysts helps prevent infection and recurrence.
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