Molluscum Contagiosum Diagnosis and Treatment in London

Understanding Molluscum Contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by a member of the poxvirus family. It leads to small, round, pearly bumps on the skin with a central indentation (umbilication). While not harmful in most cases, the bumps can persist for several months and are easily transmitted, making them a common concern for parents, schools, and adults alike.

Causes and Risk Factors

The infection spreads through direct or indirect contact with the virus. Key risk factors include:

• Childhood: Young children are most commonly affected due to close contact and shared play environments.
• Skin conditions: People with eczema or damaged skin barriers are more susceptible.
• Immunosuppression: Individuals with weakened immune systems may experience widespread or persistent outbreaks.
• Sexual transmission: In adults, molluscum contagiosum can be transmitted through intimate skin contact.
• Shared objects: Towels, clothing, gym equipment, and swimming pools can all harbour the virus.

Symptoms of Molluscum Contagiosum

Typical features of molluscum contagiosum include:

• Small, round, flesh-coloured or pearly white bumps.
• Central indentation or “dimple” in the centre of each bump.
• Clusters of lesions, often spreading across the body.
• Painless, though they may become itchy, red, or inflamed if scratched.
• In children, lesions often appear on the trunk, face, or arms. In adults, genital or inner thigh lesions are common.

Diagnosis of Molluscum Contagiosum

Diagnosis is usually straightforward and based on clinical examination. A dermatologist recognises the classic umbilicated lesions. In rare cases, a skin biopsy may be performed if the appearance is unusual or if skin cancer is suspected.

Treatment Options for Molluscum Contagiosum

Molluscum contagiosum often clears naturally within 6–18 months, but treatment may be recommended if lesions are spreading, causing distress, or at risk of transmission. Options include:

• Cryotherapy: Freezing the lesions with liquid nitrogen.
• Curettage: Gently scraping lesions under sterile conditions (similar to minor wart removal techniques).
• Laser therapy: Precise removal for resistant or extensive cases using appropriate laser settings.
• Topical therapies: Retinoids, cantharidin, or antiviral creams may be prescribed.
• Observation: In mild cases, watchful waiting is appropriate, as lesions usually self-resolve.

Complications

Molluscum contagiosum is harmless for most people, but complications can include:

• Secondary bacterial infections from scratching—seek care for signs of skin infection.
• Scarring or pigmentation changes after lesion resolution.
• Emotional or social distress due to visible lesions.
• Extensive outbreaks in immunocompromised patients.

Living with Molluscum Contagiosum

While molluscum contagiosum can be bothersome, it is temporary. Patients are encouraged to:

• Avoid scratching or picking at lesions.
• Cover visible bumps to reduce spread.
• Use personal towels and avoid sharing with others.
• Inform sexual partners if lesions are present in the genital area.

Your first visit — what to expect

1. History: Assessment of risk factors, spread, and impact on quality of life.
2. Examination: Dermatologist confirms diagnosis based on lesion appearance (with dermatoscopy if needed).
3. Discussion: Options explained, from reassurance to active treatment.
4. Procedure: If chosen, treatments such as cryotherapy or curettage may be performed during the visit.
5. Aftercare: Guidance on skincare, hygiene, and preventing transmission.

Reviewed by: Dr Mohammad Ghazavi, Consultant Dermatologist
Skinhorizon Clinic, 4 Clarendon Terrace, Maida Vale, London W9 1BZ
Last reviewed: 22 August 2025